Evgeny Bolkhovitinov biography. Efimy Bolkhovitinov - Voronezh Columbus project (Grade 9) on the topic. Scientific works and writings

Up to half of the Philosophy course.

In the same year he was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Medical and Surgical Academy. In the year he was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Society of Lovers of Sciences, Literature and Arts; in the city - an honorary member and competitor of the St. Petersburg Conversation of the Russian Language.

Elected a member of the Kazan Society of Lovers of Russian Literature at the University.

On March 16 of the same year, he was elevated to the rank of Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia, appointed a member of the Holy Synod and elected a member of Vilna University.

He became famous as a learned hierarch, who left behind many scientific works. His scientific research included the field of archeology, Russian history and church history antiquities.

On behalf of Metropolitan Ambrose of Novgorod, Bishop Evgeniy drew up a “prescription” for the organization of the Theological Schools, which formed the basis for the reform of the system of theological education in Russia. An important feature of this project was the proposal to turn the Theological Academies not only into higher theological educational institutions, but also into church scientific centers endowed with publishing functions.

He was an honorary and full member of many scientific societies: Moscow, Kazan, Vilna, Kiev, Kharkov universities, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Medical and Surgical Academy, the Society of Russian History and Antiquities, the Moscow Society of Russian Literature Lovers, the Commission for the drafting of laws of the Russian Empire and a number of others .

He was exceptionally diligent. He cherished every minute and in letters poured out his displeasure about the lost time. He left a great literary legacy to posterity. His works in Russian church history had great importance for its time.

“It is impossible not to be surprised at that,” says Reverend Philaret of Kiev, “what a lot of old manuscripts, acts and books he went through, and what industriousness and learning he possessed.”

According to M. Pogodin, "He was a man who could not stay a single day without commemorating him with works for the benefit of history."

He devoted a lot of time to scientific activity, but this did not prevent him from being an indefatigable preacher of the word of God. The Right Reverend denounced the schismatics of the schismatics, and treated sternly those who stood reverently in the temple of God. The Metropolitan's sermons were distinguished by liveliness and depth of thought. By nature, Mr. Eugene was modest and simple. Here is how N.N. Murzakevich:

“For a long time I knew the name of Metropolitan Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov, as a proven connoisseur of Russian antiquities, I believed that he, like many of his colleagues, was inaccessible or inattentive to small people. Curiosity to see a learned person overcame indecision. When asked if I could see the Metropolitan, the answer was: “please.” The doors to the hall opened. pale, in a simple shabby cassock and the same kamilavka, appeared before me. A simple reception and a conversation that ensued in general about Russian antiquity continued until the arrival of new faces.

He left a good memory of himself. Eugene with his charity, hospitality and accessibility for everyone.

Compositions

• New Latin Alphabet. M., 1788
• Reasoning about the need Greek for theology. M., 1793
• Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia. 2nd edition in two parts. St. Petersburg, 1827 (first edition published in 1818)
• Dictionary of Russian secular writers, compatriots and foreigners who wrote in Russia, M., 1845
• Discourses on the Moscow orders, on the ancient members in Russia.
• History of the Principality of Pskov.
• About the Vologda and Zyryansk antiquities.
• About the first embassy in Japan.
• On the oaths of the Slavic-Russians.
• Three historical conversations (about the antiquities of Novgorod).
• About the ranks of the Greek-Russian Church.
• Discourse on the book of Peter Mohyla "Orthodox Confession of Faith".
• On the conciliar act of 1157
• About Russian cathedrals.
• Historical image of Georgia.
• Description of the Voronezh province.
• About altar decorations.
• Discourse on ancient Christian liturgical singing and singing in the Russian Church.
• Full biography of Tikhon of Voronezh.
• Description of the Kiev Sophia Cathedral and the Kyiv hierarchy. Kyiv, 1825.
• Dictionary of history about writing. spiritual rank in 2 parts. St. Petersburg, 1827.
• Voltaire's Fallacies Discovered by Abbé Nonot in 2 Volumes. M., 1793.
• Parnassian history (student work). M., 1788.

Awards

• diamond pectoral cross (September 15, 1801, at the coronation of Sovereign Emperor Alexander I)
• order of St. Anna, 1st Class (March 5, 1805)
• order of St. Alexander Nevsky
• order of St. Vladimir II degree (August 30, 1814)
• order of St. app. Andrew the First-Called (August 22, 1826)

Literature

• Zakharchenko M.M. Kyiv before and now. Kyiv, 1888, p. 42, 117, 124, 187, 210.
• Poletaev N. Proceedings of Metropolitan. Evgeny Bolkhovityanov on the history of the Russian Church. Kazan, 1889.
• Karpov S.M. Yevgeny Bolkhovityanov as Metropolitan of Kyiv. Kyiv, 1914.
• Tokmanov I. Historian-archaeologist. sketch Khutynsk. Varlaam. Spaso-Transfigured. mr. Novgorod, 1911, p. 45, 46.
• Suvorov N. Description Spaso-Kamensk. m-rya on the Kubenskoe lake. 2nd ed. Vologda, 1893, p. 30 Ave.
• Leonid, Hierom. The history of the church within the current Kaluga. ep. Kaluga, 1876, p. 191-194.
• Tolstoy M. Shrines and ancient. Pskov. M., 1861, app., p. 18.
• Zhmakin, prot. Abbot of Vyazemsky Arkad. mr. M., 1897, p. 67-68.
• Grigorovich Correspondence with gr. Rumyantsev and with the Kyiv Metropolitan. Evgeny.
• Bulgakov, p. 1397, 1401, 1403, 1410.
• Gatzuk Calendar for 1883, p. 131.
• Tolstoy Yu., No. 194.
• Stroev P., p. 9, 40, 272, 382, ​​560, 733.
• Golubinsky, p. 55.
• Chronicle of E. A., p. 791.
• Anniversary collection, p. 282, 343, 348, 616.
• Lists of bishops, p. 20, no. 194.
• N. D., p. 16, 20, 48, 51, 69.
• Rukov. for rural shepherds, 1868, vol. II, p. 267; vol. VII, p. 373.
• Izv. Kazan. ep., 1867, No. 18, p. 512.
• - "- 1879, No. 20, p. 590.
• - "- 1884, No. 4, p. 123.
• Wanderer, 1869, November, p. 37-39.
• - "- 1887, June-July, p. 266.
• Samar. ep. Ved., 1867, No. 21, p. 513.
• Church Vestn., 1891, No. 25, p. 392.
• Proceedings of K. D. A., 1870, June, p. 16; August, p. 574.
• - "- 1874, March, p. 4; August, p. 375-377, 406.
• - "- 1879, May, p. 120.
• - "- 1884, July, p. 286, 292-294.
• - "- 1888, April, p. 681.
• - "- 1889, July, pp. 479-484.
• Right. sobes., 1874, January, p. 119.
• - "- 1888, December, pp. 513-554.
• - "- 1889, June, p. 319; September, p. 22; October, p. 186-208.
• - "- 1899, January, pp. 112, 114.
• - "- 1907, June, p. 848, pr. 7; September, p. 36, pr.
• - "- 1909, July-August, p. 219.
• - "- 1912, May, p. 260.
• Russian antiquity, 1870, vol. I, p. 541, 546, 585; vol. 2, p. 223-224, 601-605, 607, 609, 612-616, 675-676.
• Russian antiquity, 1871, vol. 3, p. 207; vol. 4, p. 681, 682.
• - "- 1872, March, p. 481; October, p. 406.
• - "- 1874, March, p. 428; April, p. 799, 800.
• - "- 1875, March, p. 657, p / s.
• - "- 1877, July, p. 387.
• - "- 1878, February, p. 199.
• - "- 1880, January, p. 22; September, p. 197.
• - "- 1881, June, p. 203; September, p. 58-74; October, p. 238, 243, 245, 248, 249, 250, 345, 348.
• Russian antiquity, 1882, April, p. 182; May, p. 431 and p / s; June, p. 24.
• - "- 1883, July, pp. 130, 131 and p / s.
• - "- 1885, June, p. 590; July, p. 168.
• - "- 1886, June, p. 710.
• - "- 1887, April, p. 129; May, p. 661.
• - "- 1888, May, p. 799; June, p. 604 p / s. 1, p. 605.
• - "- 1907, June, pp. 638, 642.
• - "- 1910, May, pp. 404-422.
• Historical Vestn., 1881, June, p. 284.
• - "- 1882, February, p. 341; May, p. 266.
• - "- 1883, February, p. 283 p / s.
• - "- 1884, November, p. 3 p / s. 1.
• - "- 1886, April, pp. 146, 157.
• - "- 1888, January, p. 185-186; August, p. 3; November, p. 3.
• - "- 1889, January, p. 222-223; July, p. 141, p / s. 1, p. 213.
• - "- 1892, June, p. 821.
• - "- 1893, January, p. 259.
• - "- 1894, April, p. 221.
• - "- 1896, April, pp. 157, 177, 180.
• - "- 1904, January, p. 224; May, p. 605.
• Right. reviewed., 1863, April, p. 359.
• - "- 1864, January, p. 31.
• Christ. chten., 1871, December, p. 979.
• - "- 1900, March, pp. 398-399.
• Rus. archive, 1870, no. 4 and 5, p. 769, 771 p/s, 772, 773, 781, 782, 785 p/s. 1, 787 p/s. 1, 788 p/s. 3, 791, 802, 808 p/s. 3, 817, 826 p/s. 1, 828, 834-835, 839 p/s. 8, 841 p/s. 1,847.
• Rus. archive, 1887, book. 3rd, p. 361 (Filaret, archbishop of Chernigov).
• - "- 1888, book 3rd, p. 253 (From the notes of Senator K.N. Lebedev).
• - "- 1889, book 2, p. 21-84, 161-236, 321-388 (Letters from Metropolitan Evgeny to V.G. Anastasevich); book 3, p. 379 (Letter from Metropolitan. Eugene Archimandrite Parthenius).
• Rus. archive, 1893, book. 3rd, p. 92 (Four letters of Metropolitan Leonty to Archbishop Platon of Kostroma).
• Rus. archive, 1895, book. 3rd, No. 11, p. 374.
• - "- 1897, book 1, p. 235, 240 (Notes of Count Buturlin); book 2, p. 592, 595, 596.
• - "- 1898, book 1st, p. 304 (Malyshevsky I.I. Deyat. Metropolitan Eugene in the rank of chairman of the conf. K. D. A.).
• - "- 1899, book 1st, No. 1, p. 26 p / s., No. 4, p. 529; book 2, No. 6, p. 188, 189 p / s. 7, p. 215 p/s 3, book 3, No. 11, p. 310.
• Rus. archive, 1900, book. 1st, No. 1, p. 25; book. 2nd, No. 5, p. 93-94.
• - "- 1901, book 2nd, No. 5, p. 21.
• - "- 1903, book 1st, No. 3, p. 372, 433-434; No. 4, p. 546; No. 6, p. 223.
• - "- 1904, book 1st, No. 1, p. 101; No. 2, p. 194, 225, 226, 227, 289.
• Zh. M. P., 1945, No. 1, p. 45.
• - "- 1954, No. 4, p. 47.
• - "- 1957, No. 5, pp. 57-61.
• BES, vol. I, p. 541, 816; vol. II, p. 1164, 1330, 1936.
• BEL, vol. III, p. 712; vol. VIII, p. 111; vol. X, p. 608.
• ES, vol. XI, p. 411-413.

Used materials

• Site page Russian Orthodoxy:
• Eugene (Bolkhovitinov), Met. Biography of Eugene, Metropolitan of Kyiv. Historical dictionary. About the writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia, M: Trinity Sergius Lavra, 1995, p. 1-3.

Voronezh Diocesan Gazette, 1867, No. 10 p. 334.

Synodikon of the Voronezh merchants Eliseevs / Supplement to the Voronezh Diocesan Gazette, 1886, p. 14

The decree of the consistory stated that he (the prefect) had to remain on the same basis with the prefect position, using all the salaries and incomes from the archpriest's place, and in judging his excellent works and degree in the seminary, excel over all other archpriests of the Voronezh diocese, except for the cathedral archpriest, what to announce to him, the prefect, in the presence of a consistory, where he himself should be present in his free time, and when he was in the city of Pavlovsk in the Pavlovsk spiritual board. See the cases of the seminary archive of the book. No. 6, 1795 - 1796, p. 205 - Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov, later Eugene, Metropolitan of Kiev [end] , 1868, No. 3 unofficial. department, s. 88-89.

Okolovich N. F., "To the 75th anniversary of the death of the Kyiv Metropolitan Eugene (Bolkhovitinov)", Voronezh Diocesan Gazette, 1912, No. 8 unofficial. part, p. 363.

Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov, Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia (Evfimy in the world), entered Russian history not only as a local historian, but also as an archaeologist, archeographer, bibliographer, translator, and bibliophile. By the end of his life, he was a full and honorary member of more than 20 Russian and foreign universities and scientific societies. Metropolitan Eugene is the author of over a hundred published works, including studies, reference books and travel guides. His name is associated with the opening of the University of St. Vladimir in Kyiv and the Rumyantsev Museum in St. Petersburg. The future metropolitan spent a little less than half of his life in Voronezh.

Evfimy was born on December 18, 1767 in the family of a priest Elias Church Voronezh. In 1776, after the death of his father, his mother, who was left with three children, gave Evfimy to the singers in the bishops' choir of the Cathedral of the Annunciation. In 1777, Evfimy was enrolled in the Voronezh Theological Seminary. In the summer of 1785, Bishop Tikhon (Malinin) of Voronezh granted the request young man about transferring him to study in Moscow. Bishop Tikhon sent Evfimy with a letter of recommendation to Platon (Levshin), the rector of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, Archbishop of Moscow. Evfimy was enrolled as a student of the academy, from which he graduated in 1788. At the Bolkhovitinov Academy, he attended a full course in philosophy and theology, mastered Greek, French and German. At the same time, he attended lectures at Moscow University, where, in particular, he entered the literary circle of Nikolai Novikov. In Moscow, he also met the archivist and archaeologist Nikolai Bantysh-Kamensky, who in many ways influenced the formation of the scientific interests of the future bishop.

Returning to Voronezh, in January 1789, Evfimy took the post of teacher at the Voronezh Seminary. At various times he taught courses in rhetoric, French, Greek and Roman antiquities, philosophy, theology, church history, and hermeneutics. And in 1790 he was appointed prefect of the seminary and head of the seminary library, with the aim of replenishing which he repeatedly traveled to Moscow. In 1791, the petition filed by him, together with his brother Alexei, was granted for the Bolkhovitinovs to be included in the nobility.

In 1793, Bolkhovitinov married the daughter of a Lipetsk merchant, Anna Rastorguyeva, but the marriage lasted only four years, two sons and one daughter died in infancy. On March 25, 1796, Evfimy Bolkhovitinov was ordained a priest and appointed archpriest of the Transfiguration Monastery of the Savior in the city of Pavlovsk, Voronezh province, leaving the seminary in his former positions, at the same time he was appointed to be present in the Voronezh Consistory. Evfimy tried to fill the bitterness of the loss of loved ones with mental work. For several years, a circle of like-minded people from the local intelligentsia formed around the young scientist. Thanks to their efforts, on May 14, 1798, the first printing house was opened in Voronezh.

In 1799, Evfimy moved to St. Petersburg, where on March 9, 1800, he took monastic vows with the name Eugene. Ambrose (Podobedov), Metropolitan of St. Petersburg, invited him to the capital on the recommendation of Bantysh-Kamensky to the post of prefect, teacher of philosophy and higher eloquence at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy. Soon, Eugene was elevated to the rank of archimandrite and appointed rector of the Holy Trinity Zelenetsky Monastery. Metropolitan Ambrose noted and appreciated the knowledge of the new prefect and was not mistaken in him, entrusting him with serious and responsible tasks, with which the young archimandrite coped brilliantly.

On September 15, 1801, Eugene participated in the coronation of Emperor Alexander I in Moscow, was granted a diamond pectoral cross. On January 27, 1802, he was appointed archimandrite of the St. Petersburg Trinity-Sergius male desert. In January 1804, Eugene was elevated to the rank of bishop of Starorussky, vicar of the Novgorod diocese. Eugene became one of the authors of the reform of the system of spiritual education, carried out in Russia in 1808-1814. He advocated a reduction in the study of Latin, stressed the need to give spiritual education a more scientific character. For his work, Eugene was awarded the Order of Anna, I degree. Living for some time in the Varlaamo-Khutynsky monastery, Eugene became friends with the famous poet Gabriel Derzhavin, the latter dedicated several works to the bishop.

Over the years, Eugene headed episcopal departments in Vologda (1808-1813), Kaluga (1813-1816) and Pskov (1816-1822). In March 1822 he was elevated to the rank of metropolitan and transferred to Kyiv, became a member of the Holy Synod. Alexander I wrote to Eugene: "It will be especially pleasant for me to see the once famous Kyiv Academy ... under your leadership, achieved the goal intended for it." Emperor awarded Metropolitan of Kyiv white hood with a diamond cross. The episode connected with the meeting of the new bishop by the Kyiv clergy is noteworthy. Eugene was given the royal gilded carriage. The Metropolitan "with displeasure accepted such a sign of respectful courtesy and demanded another carriage to leave for St. Sophia Cathedral." In everyday life, Metropolitan Eugene was also unpretentious. No luxury in food and clothing. His day started early. After listening to the liturgy, he moved on to the affairs of the diocese, then received visitors. There was a lot of gentleness and sincerity in his character. Always available, frank, charitable, fair.

Under Metropolitan Eugene, a new three-story building of the Kyiv Theological Academy was erected. He continued to engage in scientific activities, it was in Kyiv that his cultural and educational activities reached their apogee. Metropolitan Eugene organized restoration work in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra and other monasteries.

In the 1930s he initiated the first systematic archaeological excavations in Kyiv. Thanks to them, the foundations of the Church of the Tithes and the Golden Gate were discovered. In 1834, Eugene blessed the opening of the Kyiv University. The first rector of the university, Mikhail Maksimovich, considered him a major scholar and publisher who left behind "a lot of factual material not only on church history, but also on Russian literature." The result of the study of Kyiv antiquities was the publication "Description of the Kiev-Sophia Cathedral and the Kyiv hierarchy" and "Description of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra". By the end of his life, Evgeny Bolkhovitinov had collected about 12 thousand different titles of manuscripts and publications, or 8.5 thousand volumes.

Metropolitan Eugene was a full member of the Imperial Russian Academy, a member of the Society for the History of Russian Antiquities, an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences and all Russian universities, not counting numerous learned societies.

Some local historians believe that Eugene was almost like-minded of the French Enlightenment and the first Russian revolutionary Alexander Radishchev, but there are several completely unambiguous evidence of his attitude to the postulates of the philosophy of the French encyclopedists popular in his time. Recognizing that "the fathers of the church are not our teachers in physics," Eugene was an ardent opponent of freethinking, did not recognize such writers as Voltaire and Montesquieu. In 1793, in the preface to the translation of Abbe Nonot's book Voltaire's Delusions, published on his initiative and under his editorship, he wrote: already known as much as the printed one." However, the publication of the translation caused difficulties. Censorship excluded the list from the publication religious beliefs Voltaire, which Nonot had to refute. “Bolkhovitinov felt that the plan associated with the publication of Voltaire’s Delusions was being destroyed,” wrote academician Nikolai Tikhonravov. about the dogmatic errors of Voltaire in matters of faith were not allowed to be printed.

“Our simple-hearted, unlearned compatriot,” Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov himself wrote, “hearing everywhere the glory of Voltaire and his caustic mockery of everything sacred and revered, at first moves with pious horror and indignation; but can he then protect his heart from infection with these feelings alone, when he is not established in fundamental truths, and when almost everywhere he hears only loud freethinkers praise Voltaire, but does not see the denunciation of lies and slander him. In 1810, Eugene criticized Montesquieu's book The Spirit of Laws, published in Russian translation. The Metropolitan noted that the thoughts expressed in the essay “let them remain in the charm of revolutionary heads, from which the Lord God will deliver our fatherland. Regarding the book "Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow" Eugene also spoke disapprovingly.

There is evidence of the critical attitude of Metropolitan Eugene to the magazine Zionsky Vestnik published by the famous freemason Alexander Labzin. Eugene, after analyzing its content, came to the conclusion that such a "method of reasoning is mystical-Masonic." Referring to specific pages in the Zion Herald, he argued how such reasoning contradicts the Orthodox dogma.

That is, Metropolitan Eugene can be safely attributed to the category of church guardians who advocated the purity of the dogmas of the Orthodox faith, the dominant position of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Russian Empire and did not share the ideology that undermined the monarchical system.

Metropolitan Eugene was among the bishops who were dissatisfied with the activities of the Bible Society, opened in 1813, which distributed non-Orthodox literature, and the Minister of Spiritual Affairs, Prince Alexander Golitsyn, the patron of numerous Masonic lodges and Protestant mystics. Eugene, in turn, did not enjoy the favor of Prince Golitsyn, who called the Metropolitan a "non-spiritual" person (that is, not sympathetic to non-Orthodox mysticism and Freemasonry). In general, in the 20s of the XIX century, resistance to the policy of Prince Golitsyn was provided by the conservative Orthodox party, the most prominent representatives of which were Archimandrite Photius (Spassky), Metropolitan Seraphim (Glagolevsky) of St. Petersburg, Alexei Arakcheev and others.

After Golitsyn's resignation in December 1824, Metropolitan Seraphim wrote to Alexander I about the reasons for the need to close the Bible Society. At the end of the letter, he stressed: “In order to establish religious schools on the firm and unshakable foundation of Orthodoxy and to take, together with me, the necessary measures to stop the spread of new heresies among the people (it should be. - A. G.) call here for a while the Kiev Metropolitan Eugene, as a man known for orthodoxy, learning and good intentions." Archimandrite Photius wrote in his autobiography: "Metropolitan Eugene gave great hope to his zealots in his learning, faith and rank." As a result, thanks to the petition of Orthodox conservatives, on December 19, 1824, the emperor signed a decree by which Metropolitan Evgeny (Bolkhovitinov) was summoned to St. Petersburg to attend the Synod. The Bible Society was closed by Nicholas I on April 12, 1826 at the suggestion of Metropolitans Seraphim and Eugene.

On December 14, 1825, Metropolitan Eugene and Metropolitan Seraphim (Glagolevsky) of St. Petersburg appealed to the rebel troops on Senate Square to lay down their arms. Despite the warning of eyewitnesses about mortal danger, both hierarchs, according to the testimony of the subdeacon accompanying them, "having talked among themselves, decided to die for the faith, the fatherland and the king." Despite the fact that the exhortations of Metropolitans Seraphim and Eugene remained unanswered, Nicholas I awarded them panagias, as they put their lives at risk. Subsequently, Metropolitan Eugene was appointed a member of a special council for the affairs of the Decembrists.

Metropolitan Eugene died on February 23, 1837 and, according to his will, was buried in the Sretensky chapel of the Kyiv St. Sophia Cathedral. A delegation from the Voronezh Theological Seminary arrived in Kyiv for the Metropolitan's funeral. The library of Metropolitan Eugene was bequeathed Sophia Cathedral, consistory, Kyiv Theological Seminary and Academy.

Alla GLAZEVA
Read the printed version of the material in the newspaper

Metropolitan Eugene (in the world Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov) - Bishop of Russia Orthodox Church, Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia, church historian, archeographer and bibliographer.

Metropolitan Eugene (in the world Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov) was born on December 18, 1767 in the city of Voronezh in the family of parish priest Alexei Bolkhovitinov.
From 1777, he studied first in the Bishops' Choir, from 1778 - at the Voronezh Theological Seminary until half the course of Philosophy.
In 1785 he graduated from the Voronezh Theological Seminary and, as the best student, was sent to continue his education at the Moscow Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy. Simultaneously with his studies at the academy, he attended lectures at Moscow University.
On January 9, 1789, he was appointed teacher of rhetoric and French at the Voronezh Theological Seminary. In a rhetorical class he taught a special course in Greek and Roman antiquities.
From August 20, 1789 he was vice-prefect and librarian. From June 1790, above all, he taught philosophy, and on September 5 of that year he was appointed prefect of the seminary and teacher of theology.
On November 4, 1793, he married Anna Antonovna, the daughter of the Lipetsk merchant Rastorguev.
In 1793 he was ordained a priest in Voronezh by Bishop Methodius (Smirnov) of Voronezh and Cherkasy.
On March 25, 1796, he was elevated to the rank of archpriest and appointed rector of the Transfiguration Cathedral in the city of Pavlovsk, Voronezh diocese, leaving the seminary in his former positions. At the same time, he was determined to be present by the Voronezh Consistory, having a permanent residence in Voronezh.
In 1797-1798 he served as rector of the seminary. From August 14, 1797, he taught church history, sacred hermeneutics, Hellenic languages, simple Greek and French of the upper class.
In 1798 he lost three children, and on August 21, 1799 he was widowed.
He was demanded by the St. Petersburg Metropolitan Ambrose (Podobedov).
March 3, 1800 was appointed prefect of the Alexander Nevsky Academy, philosophy and eloquence as a teacher.
On March 9, 1800, he was tonsured a monk at the Alexander Nevsky Lavra and named after Eugene.
On March 11, 1800, he was elevated to the rank of archimandrite of the Trinity Zelenetsky Monastery of the St. Petersburg diocese.
From August 1800 and all of 1801, he performed a series of priestly services in St. Petersburg and was a member of the St. Petersburg Committee of the Benevolent Society.
On January 27, 1802, he was transferred to Sergiev Pustyn.
On January 17, 1804, he was consecrated bishop of Starorussky.
In 1805 he was elected an honorary member of Moscow University; in 1806 - a full member of the Russian Academy.
From January 24, 1808 - Bishop of Vologda.
In the same year he was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Medical and Surgical Academy. In 1810 he was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Society of Lovers of Sciences, Literature and Arts; in 1811 - an honorary member and competitor of the St. Petersburg Conversation of the Russian Language.
From July 19, 1813 - Bishop of Kaluga and from this year - an honorary member of the Society of History and Antiquities at Moscow University. Since 1814 - a member of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy; since 1815 - the Moscow Society of Medical and Physical Sciences.
On February 7, 1816, he was elevated to the rank of archbishop and appointed to the Pskov cathedra.
Elected a member of the Kazan Society of Lovers of Russian Literature at the University.
Since 1817 - a member of Kharkov and Kazan universities; in 1818 - a member of the commission for drafting laws.
From January 24, 1822 - Archbishop of Kiev.
On March 16 of the same year, he was elevated to the rank of Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia, appointed a member of the Holy Synod and elected a member of Vilna University.
Since 1823 - a member of the Kyiv Theological Academy; since 1826 - honorary member of the Academy of Sciences.
Since 1827 - Doctor of Philosophy at Dorpat University.
Since 1829 - a member of St. Petersburg University.
In 1834 he was elected a member of the Royal Copenhagen Society of Northern Antiquarians.
Since 1835, he was a correspondent for the statistical department of the Council of the Ministry of the Interior.
He died February 23, 1837. He was buried in the Sretensky aisle of the Kiev Sophia Cathedral according to his will.
He became famous as a learned hierarch, who left behind many scientific works. His scientific research included the field of archeology, Russian history and church history antiquities.
On behalf of Metropolitan Ambrose of Novgorod, Bishop Evgeniy drew up a “prescription” for the organization of the Theological Schools, which formed the basis for the reform of the system of theological education in Russia. An important feature of this project was the proposal to turn the Theological Academies not only into higher theological educational institutions, but also into church scientific centers endowed with publishing functions.
He was an honorary and full member of many scientific societies: Moscow, Kazan, Vilna, Kiev, Kharkov universities, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Medical and Surgical Academy, the Society of Russian History and Antiquities, the Moscow Society of Russian Literature Lovers, the Commission for the drafting of laws of the Russian Empire and a number of others .
He was exceptionally diligent. He cherished every minute and in letters poured out his displeasure about the lost time. He left a great literary legacy to posterity. His works on Russian church history were of great importance for their time.
“It is impossible not to be surprised at that,” says Reverend Philaret of Kiev, “how many old manuscripts, acts and books he went through, and how diligent and learned he possessed.”
According to M. Pogodin, "He was a man who could not stay a single day without commemorating him with works for the benefit of history."
He devoted a lot of time to scientific activity, but this did not prevent him from being an indefatigable preacher of the word of God. The Right Reverend denounced the schismatics of the schismatics, and treated sternly those who stood reverently in the temple of God. The Metropolitan's sermons were distinguished by liveliness and depth of thought. By nature, Mr. Eugene was modest and simple. Here is how N.N. Murzakevich:
“For a long time I knew the name of the metropolitan, as a proven connoisseur of Russian antiquities, I believed that he, like many of his brothers, was inaccessible or inattentive to small people. I frankly told my opinion to the key clerk. Curiosity to see a learned person overcame indecision. To the question whether I could see the Metropolitan, the answer was: "please". The doors to the hall opened. The secretary reported to the host, and an old man, white with gray hair, of medium height, rather lean, fresh in years, but pale, in a simple shabby cassock and the same kamilavka, appeared before me. A simple reception and ensuing conversation in general about Russian antiquity continued until the arrival of new faces.
He left a good memory of himself. Eugene with his charity, hospitality and accessibility for everyone.

Compositions:

• New Latin Alphabet. M., 1788
• Discourse on the necessity of the Greek language for theology. M., 1793
• Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia. 2nd edition in two parts. St. Petersburg, 1827 (first edition published in 1818)
• Dictionary of Russian secular writers, compatriots and foreigners who wrote in Russia, M., 1845
• Discourses on the Moscow orders, on the ancient members in Russia.
• History of the Principality of Pskov.
• About the Vologda and Zyryansk antiquities.
• About the first embassy in Japan.
• On the oaths of the Slavic-Russians.
• Three historical conversations (about the antiquities of Novgorod).
• About the ranks of the Greek-Russian Church.
• Discourse on the book "Orthodox Confession of Faith".
• On the conciliar act of 1157
• About Russian cathedrals.
• Historical image of Georgia.
• Description of the Voronezh province.
• About altar decorations.
• Discourse on ancient Christian liturgical singing and singing in the Russian Church.
• Full biography of Tikhon of Voronezh.
• Description of the Kiev Sophia Cathedral and the Kyiv hierarchy. Kyiv, 1825.
• Dictionary of history about writing. spiritual rank in 2 parts. St. Petersburg, 1827.
• Voltaire's Fallacies Discovered by Abbé Nonot in 2 Volumes. M., 1793.
• Parnassian history (student work). M., 1788
• Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia.
• Collection of instructive words

BOLHOVITINOV Evfimy Alekseevich

BOLHOVITINOV Evfimiy Alekseevich (in monasticism - Eugene), Russian historian, archeographer, bibliographer.
Born in the family of a priest. In 1778-84. studied at the seminary, in 1784-88. - simultaneously at the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy and Moscow University. During his studies, he was a member of a literary circle created by the publisher and educator N. I. Novikov (cm. NOVIKOV Nikolay Ivanovich); at that time, the circle also included V. A. Levshin (cm. LEVSHIN Vasily Alekseevich), N. M. Karamzin (cm. Karamzin Nikolai Mikhailovich).
From 1789, Bolkhovitinov became a teacher and librarian at the Voronezh Theological Seminary, then he took the positions of prefect and rector there. At that time, he was engaged in translations into Russian of the works of foreign authors, including the philosophical poem by A. Popa (cm. POP Alexander)"Experience about Man". He was one of the initiators of the creation of a printing house in Voronezh, opened in 1798.
In 1800 he became a monk, was a prefect and teacher of philosophy and eloquence at the Alexander Nevsky Theological Academy. He was a member of the circle, whose members were the most prominent specialists in Russian history, united by Count N. P. Rumyantsev (cm. RUMYANTSEV Nikolay Petrovich); was also a member of the Moscow Society of Russian History and Antiquities. From 1822 - Metropolitan of Kyiv.
Prepared a number of historical and local history works, including "Historical, geographical and economic description of the Voronezh province" (1800) "Historical image of Georgia" (1802), "Historical conversations about the antiquities of Veliky Novgorod" (1808), "History of the Principality of Pskov ”(parts 1-4, 1831) and others. Author of major bio-bibliographic works: “Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia” (1818), “Dictionary of Russian secular writers, compatriots and strangers who wrote about Russia ”(Vol. 1-2, 1845), the bibliographic work “On Slavic-Russian Printing Houses” (1813). In Kyiv, he led the archaeological excavations that led to the discovery of the foundation of the Church of the Tithes, the Golden Gate, etc.

encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .

See what "BOLHOVITINOV Evfimy Alekseevich" is in other dictionaries:

Bolkhovitinov Evfimy Alekseevich- (in monasticism - Eugene). The son of a priest. He studied at the Voronezh spirit. seminary (1778–1784), in Slavic Greek Lat. Academy (1784-1788), at the same time attended lectures in Moscow. un those, moonlighting ... ... Dictionary of the Russian language of the 18th century

- (monastic Eugene) (1767 1837) Russian historian, archeographer, bibliographer. From 1822 Metropolitan of Kyiv. Historical, local history and bio-bibliographic works ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (in monasticism Eugene), Russian historian, archeographer and bibliographer. In pre-revolutionary literature, it is listed as "Metropolitan Eugene". In 1822, 37 Metropolitan of Kyiv. Scientific activity B. is associated with ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (monastic Eugene; 1767 1837) Russian historian. After graduating from the Moscow Theological Academy, he was a teacher of general and church history in Voronezh, after the death of his wife and children, he became a monk, rose to the rank of bishop, and was eventually ... ... Big biographical encyclopedia

EUGENE (in the world Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov)- (18 (29). 12. 1767, Voronezh 23. 02 (7. 03. 1837, Kyiv) Orthodox church leader, historian, archeographer, bibliographer. He was educated at the Voronezh Theological Seminary (1778-1884) and the Moscow Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy (1784-1788). WITH… … Russian Philosophy: Dictionary

Bolkhovitinov is a Russian surname. Famous bearers: Bolkhovitinov, Viktor Nikolaevich (1912-1980) Soviet physicist, journalist, Chief Editor journal "Science and Life". Bolkhovitinov, Viktor Fedorovich (1899 1970) Soviet ... ... Wikipedia

Evfimy Alekseevich (in monasticism Eugene) (1767 23.II.1837) Russian. historian, archaeologist and bibliographer. In the pre-revolutionary lit. re is usually listed as Metropolitan Eugene. In 1822 1837 Metropolitan of Kyiv. Scientific B.'s activity is connected with the circle gr. N.P.… … Soviet historical encyclopedia

Eugene, Metropolitan of Kiev (in the world Evfimy Alekseevich) (18 (29) XII 1767, Voronezh 23 II (7 III) 1837, Kyiv) Rus. church historian. music, bibliographer. Member Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1789 he graduated from Moscow. spiritual academy and Moscow. un t. Was ... ... Music Encyclopedia

EUGENE (in the world Bolkhovitinov Evfimy Alekseevich), Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia (1822-37), church and public figure, historian, archeographer, writer, translator; member of the Russian Academy (1806), honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1826).

The son of a priest. He studied at the Voronezh Theological Seminary (1778-84), the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, at the same time attended lectures at Moscow University (1784-88). After completing his studies, he returned to Voronezh (1789), became a teacher, librarian, and then rector of the Voronezh Theological Seminary; since 1796, the cathedral archpriest in Pavlovsk. In 1799 he moved to St. Petersburg, where he became a monk, became a teacher of rhetoric and philosophy, and also the prefect of the Alexander Nevsky Theological Academy (1800-03). In 1804 he was elevated to the rank of bishop and appointed vicar of Novgorod (1804), then bishop of Vologda (1808) and Kaluga (1813), archbishop of Pskov, Livonia and Courland (1816-1822), metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia (1822); member of the Synod. During the uprising on December 14, 1825, he called on the “rebels” to submit, and then took part in the trial of the Decembrists.

During the years of apprenticeship in Moscow, he became close to the circle of N. I. Novikov, under whose influence he began his literary activity: he translated mainly French authors (F. Fenelon, L. Coquelet), wrote poetry. Published a translation of the book by K. F. Nonnot "Voltaire's Delusions" (parts 1-2, 1793), attaching to the publication "Brief historical information about Walter and his most noble writings”, as well as a prose translation of A. Pope’s poem “Experience on a Man” (1806). Fame brought Yevgeny "Dictionary of Russian Writers" (entirely published only in 1845). The directory contained articles about the life and work of about 720 secular and spiritual authors, among whom were many banned writers (N. I. Novikov, A. N. Radishchev, and others). Eugene spoke critically about modern literature, including the work of N. I. Gnedich and V. A. Zhukovsky. He characterized A. S. Pushkin as “a good poet, but a bad son, relative and citizen.” He treated N. M. Karamzin with high respect, had friendly relations with G. R. Derzhavin.

Eugene is the author of the first scientific study on ancient Russian music "Historical discourse in general about ancient Christian liturgical singing and especially about the singing of the Russian church, with the necessary notes on it ..." (1799). Corresponding with G. R. Derzhavin, he noted the rhythmic originality of Russian folk songs (especially lingering ones) in comparison with European time music, in connection with this he critically evaluated their musical publications of the 18th century. He was the first biographer of the composer M. S. Berezovsky.

In St. Petersburg, Evgeny became close to N. P. Rumyantsev, was an active member of his circle. Supervised excavations in Kyiv, compiled a description of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra and the ancient monasteries of Pskov; was the author of works on the history of the church ("Historical study of the cathedrals of the Russian Church", 1803), national culture ("On the Slavic-Russian printing houses", 1813), the Russian state ("History of the Principality of Pskov", parts 1-4, 1831); wrote theological works; known for his work in the field of source studies, archeography and paleography. He organized a circle of young raznochintsy who were fond of politics, history, literature and theater. He was buried in the Sretensky aisle of St. Sophia Cathedral.

Lit .: Ponomarev S. Materials for the biography of Metropolitan Eugene. K., 1867; Ivanovsky A. D. Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia Evgeny (Bolkhovitinov). SPb., 1872; Shmurlo E. Metropolitan Eugene as a scientist. SPb., 1888; Poletaev N. I. Proceedings of the Metropolitan of Kyiv Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov on the history of the Russian Church. Kazan, 1889; Karpov S. M. Evgeny Bolkhovitinov as Metropolitan of Kiev. K., 1914; Kononko E. N. Bolkhovitinov E. A. // Dictionary of Russian writers of the 18th century. L., 1988. Issue. 1, Zorin A. L. Eugene//Russian writers. 1800-1917. M., 1992. T. 2; Shansky D.N. Bolkhovitinov E.A. // Domestic History: Encyclopedia. M., 1994. T. 1.

L. A. Olshevskaya, S. N. Travnikov.