Trinity Varnitsa Monastery. Varnitsky in the name of the Holy Trinity Sergius Monastery. Architectural monuments on the territory of the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery
In the village Varnitsy, now within the city of Rostov, Yaroslavl region, courtyard of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra (since 1995). The name comes from salt pans, in the XV-XVII centuries. located near the monastery on the river. Ishne. According to legend, V. m. is based on the site of the house of the Monks Cyril and Mary, the parents of St. Sergius of Radonezh. In the Life of St. Sergius, the name of the estate of his parents is missing, in the Extended Edition of the Life it is said that it “was not within the limits of the Rostov reign, not very close to the city of Rostov” (PLDR. XIV - mid-XV century. P. 288). In the notes of A. A. Titov to the Chronicler of the Rostov Bishops, St. Demetrius (Tuptalo) it is said that the V. m. was founded on July 5, 1427 by Bishop Rostov. Ephraim in the place where the house of the father of St. Sergius, but the source of this statement is unknown. E. E. Golubinsky considered the legend about the foundation of V. m. in the homeland of St. Sergius "completely new" and not able to claim "special authenticity." Indirectly, the legend is confirmed by the existence in the monastery at least since the 17th century. throne in the name of St. Sergius; in the collection of the State Museum Reserve "Rostov Kremlin" Synodik V. m. XIX century, in which the relatives of St. Sergius (R-1135. L. 2).
For the first time, V. m. is mentioned in the tarkhan charter of mon-ryu of 1614 of Tsar Mikhail Feodorovich, in which it is said about the existence of the monastery at led. book. Basil III Ioannovich (1505-1533) (IRI. T. 3. S. 500). In 1609, the monastery was ravaged by the Polish. and lit. detachments and gangs of robbers; restored on the initiative of the Rostov Metropolitan. Jonah (Sysoevich), in the sentinel book. 1619, the “Troetsky Monastery from the Varnitsa Priest Ovdokim”, who participated in the patrol, is mentioned. In the census book of 1678, the monastery was named Trinity Sergius, in the census book of 1685, the buildings of V. m. were listed: the wooden Trinity Church, the hipped church. Rev. Sergius of Radonezh, 2 gate churches - St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and Saints Cosmas and Damian, a bell tower with a clock, a fence, the abbot's and fraternal cells, in addition to the abbot and the treasurer, 4 monks lived in the monastery at that time. In con. 16th century blzh. Stephen of Rostov († after 1592), early. XVIII century - Blzh. Stefan († after 1718), a relative of Bishop of Rostov. Dositheus (Glebov), who predicted the latter's hierarchal service and execution.
In 1725, by decree of the Rostov Bishop. George (Dashkov), the monastery was turned into a woman, they transferred approx. 100 sisters of the abolished Rostov monastery in honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, 7 former. the inhabitants of V. m. moved to the Rostov Transfiguration Monastery. Wooden cells of nuns were transported from the Nativity monastery to V. m. In 1731, the abbess V. m. igum. Christopher turned to the Rostov archbishop. Joachim with a request to transfer the sisters back to the Nativity monastery, since there was a lack of everything in V. m., even drinking water and firewood. In 1731, V. m. again became a husband. By 1744, 300 people were assigned to the mon-ryu. peasants. In 1764 V. m. was withdrawn from the state with the management of builders. The composition of the brethren (up to 10 people) was unstable, the abbots often changed (from the middle of the 18th to the middle of the 19th century, about 35 abbots were replaced). Since March 18, 1819, Bishop of Ufa, at his own request, was in V. m. Augustine (Sakharov), whose homeland was c. Menagerie near V. m. In the monastery of Bishop. Augustine compiled the "Complete Collection of Spiritual Laws" (in 15 volumes) and other works, the bishop was buried near the south. walls of the Trinity Cathedral.
Until ser. 18th century all the buildings of V. m. were wooden. Oct 16 1771 Bishop of Rostov Athanasius (Volkhovsky) consecrated the first stone church in the monastery - the single-domed Trinity Cathedral with side chapels in the name of St. Sergius and Nikon of Radonezh (Southern) and saints Athanasius of Alexandria and Cyril (sev.). From the west, a three-tiered bell tower was attached to the cathedral above the porch. In 1784-1785. at the north On the walls of the cathedral, a warm stone St. Nicholas Church was erected (the former wooden St. Nicholas Church “after the removal of the holy antimension” in 1784 was sold “for firing bricks”). In 1800, opposite the west. At the entrance to the cathedral, a two-story stone rector's building was built (rebuilt in 1847), in 1828 - a one-story building of fraternal cells (rebuilt in 1897). Fire 26 Sept. In 1824, he destroyed the roof and part of the iconostasis of the St. Nicholas Church, and all outbuildings. Soon, under the care of Bishop Augustine (Sakharov) and the Rostov merchant M. M. Pleshanov, according to the project of the Yaroslavl architect P. Ya. Pankov, the construction of the stone Vvedensky Church began. On May 27, 1828, the laying of the temple took place, on October 7. the main altar was consecrated, next year the aisles were consecrated: in the name of ap. John the Theologian (sev.) and in the name of the prophets. Elijah (southern). The iconostasis was made by the Moscow carver M. M. Ermolaev, the icons were painted by the Yaroslavl master N. Antonov, later the Rostov artist. N. D. Gladkov painted the walls of the temple. In 1840 for the Vvedenskaya c. Pleshanov ordered 11 silver chasubles for icons; in 1845 he donated icons to St. Nicholas and St. Theodore Studite. In 1854, an unknown benefactor donated to the Trinity Cathedral of the monastery an icon of St. Sergius with a particle of the relics of the monk, as well as particles of the relics of the Great Martyr. Demetrius of Thessalonica, John and Nikita, St. Novgorodsky, St. Macarius Kalyazinsky. In 1848-1852. V. m. was surrounded by a stone fence with 4 towers, in 1867 over sv. gates to the south. hierodiac wall. Mercury wrote on an iron sheet the picture “The appearance of the angel of God to the lad Bartholomew” with the inscription: “In this place an angel of the Lord appeared in the form of a monk to the lad Bartholomew, who was Sergius, the miracle worker of Radonezh.”
25 Sept. 1892, when the 500th anniversary of the repose of St. Sergius, the festive liturgy in V. m. was performed by Bishop Uglich. Amfilohiy (Sergievsky-Kazantsev) co-serving the clergy of 22 churches and 5 mon-rays. In the same year, a hospice and an almshouse were built at V. m. for the elderly clergy of the Yaroslavl diocese, a school. The monastery belonged to several chapels at the Moscow road and at the Rostov railway station. At the expense of merchants V. A. Malgin and I. A. Rulev in 1897, repair and restoration work was carried out in the V. m. Thanks to the donations of Rostov merchants to the beginning. 20th century the capital of the mon-rya, kept in the state. bank, totaled more than 60 thousand rubles. Mn. the benefactors of the monastery (merchants M. M. and D. M. Pleshanov, V. A. Malygin and others) are buried at the monastery cemetery, at the altar of the Vvedenskaya church.
Saints Philaret (Drozdov) (1836), Innokenty (Borisov) (1841), St. rights. John of Kronstadt (1894). In 1907-1913. The Yaroslavl archbishop visited the monastery three times. St. Tikhon (bud. Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia), who contributed to the repair of monastery churches. Jan 12 In 1914, on the day of the departure of the saint to the Vilna diocese, the inhabitants of V. m. presented the archbishop. Tikhon icon of St. Sergius of Radonezh. From 1 Oct. In 1915, in connection with the First World War, the nuns of the St. Euphrosyne Monastery of Suzdal were in V. m. (on September 30, 1918 they were evacuated to Polotsk);
On March 1, 1919, the V. m. was closed, silver utensils (more than 5 pounds) were seized from the temples. According to the reports of local authorities, during the seizure of church valuables in April. 1922 in V. m. “a crowd of believers in the amount of 300 people. did not allow withdrawal. The members of the commission acted violently” (CA FSB. F. 1. Op. 6. D. 497. L. 45). The last rector V. m. hierom. Georgy and his brethren remained to live in the monastery, but were assigned to the parish St. Nicholas Church in Varnitsa, on March 20, 1923, hierarch. George was elevated to the rank of hegumen, then archimandrite, on February 26. 1924 80-year-old archim. George was forcibly evicted from the monastery along with other monks. The Trinity Cathedral with the bell tower was blown up, the cell building near the south. walls, fence, the monastery cemetery was destroyed. In the 60-90s. 20th century in the reconstructed Vvedenskaya c. there was a garage, an incubator of a poultry farm. Part of the icons and utensils that belonged to V. m., in present. time is stored in the GMZRK.
In 1989, the parish churches of the Resurrection of the Word (1814) and Saints Paisios and Huar (1893) near V. m. were transferred to the ROC, they were repaired by the inhabitants of the TSL, in the present. time assigned to V. m. In 1992, when the 600th anniversary of the repose of St. Sergius, a wooden chapel was erected on the site of the destroyed Trinity Cathedral in V. m., above the ancient St. a canopy was built by a well. Feb 13 1995 V. m. was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church, by decree of the Holy. The synod became a farmstead of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, and the abbot was appointed abbot. Boris (Khramtsov). 30 Apr. 2003 vicar of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, ep. Theognost (Guzikov) consecrated the restored Vvedenskaya church in V. m. By July 2003, the Trinity Cathedral with a 4-tier bell tower, a two-story refectory building, 3 walls with towers were built in the monastery. On July 29, 2003, the laying of the gate church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. By July 2003, 12 inhabitants lived in the monastery, the abbot was the abbot. Siluan (Glazkin; since 1998). The monastery has an Orthodox gymnasium, a Sunday school and a library. Decree of the Holy Synod of 16 April In 2016 he was appointed hierarch as rector of the monastery. Pemen (Artyukhov). June 9, 2016 His Holiness Patriarch Kirill (Gundyaev) Hier. Pimen was elevated to the rank of abbot.
Arch.: OR RNB. F. 775 (Foundation of A. A. Titov). Unit ridge 1256, 2886; RGADA. F. 1209. Op. 1. D. 839. L. 290-290v.; A book for notes on historical landmarks that have happened that can serve to continue Russian history // GMZRK. R-763; GAYAO, Rostov fil. F. 125. Op. 1. D. 2. L. 132, 135; F. 197. Op. 1. D. 778. L. 1, 21, 31-31v.
Lit .: Titov A . A . Historical description of the Trinity-Varnitsky supernumerary husband. monastery near Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl Province: Motherland of St. Sergius, Wonderworker of Radonezh. Serg. P., 1893; Yaroslavl hierarchy in the description of Fr. John of the Trinity // From the preface. and note. A. A. Titova. Yaroslavl, 1901. Issue. 1: Freelance monasteries Petrovsky, Belogostitsky and Varnitsky; Golubinsky E. E . Rev. Sergius of Radonezh and the Trinity-Sergius Lavra founded by him. M., 1909; Melnik A . G . Destroyed temples of Rostov the Great // Mosk. magazine. 1991. No. 11. S. 18-19; she is. Studies of architectural monuments of Rostov the Great. Rostov, 1992. S. 56-57; Videneeva A . E . On the history of the Rostov Trinity-Varnitsky Monastery // Trinity-Sergius Lavra in the history, culture and spiritual life of Russia: Materials of the Intern. conf. 1998. M., 2000. S. 196-208; Vahrina V. AND . Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery. M., 2001.
D. B. Kochetov
When the construction and restoration work is completely completed and the territory is finally landscaped and settled in, it will probably be very good.
So far, mixed feelings. It seems both beautiful and respectful of the colossal work invested in the restoration, and the place is memorable and historical, but somehow cold. Doesn't touch. Although the smallest and most inconspicuous of the temples - Vvedensky, still attracts. And inside there is the most beautiful iconostasis.
23-10-2014
There were four times. The last TWO times - purposefully. I won't touch negative traits modern "churching" of the population, and the reaction of ministers to this
Churches. There, outside, by the way, the monastery, the church of Paisia and Uara, (always in worse condition than other buildings), where the students "kick" the ball. This is one of three or four places where there is an icon of the martyr Uara . He is the patron of those who are NOT baptized. And it is he who is supposed to put a candle on someone who is not baptized. And each of us (I’m sure!), Have such relatives, acquaintances, etc. In Moscow, there is a similar icon only on Pyatnitskaya, well, and a couple more in the suburbs! Do not pass by!
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Sergey ★★★★★
(23-04-2016)
read the description of the monastery. I don’t remember that it was female. Maybe once, but since the restoration of 1993 it has been male. And this is not a monument to a great Russian, but to a great Russian ascetic. The place is beautiful and quiet. There is an Orthodox gymnasium with high spiritual training.
Knowing that the monastery was revived practically from scratch, one should not expect that it will be of value to lovers of hoary antiquity. This is a monument to the great Russian and the personification of hope for the final revival of our spiritual culture.
Polina ★★★★★
(9-01-2016)
were 01/07/16 Beautiful. There is a hotel. They didn’t feed pies. There is a dining room, though with coupons.
Sergey ★★★★★
(30-10-2015)
I do not argue, the monastery was really restored from scratch. That's why it looks like a brand new one. Although the Vvedensky Temple and several other buildings have been preserved. There is a gymnasium in the monastery, grades 10-11. Not far from the monastery there is a monastery cemetery with ascribed churches of the Resurrection of the Word and Saints Paisios and Huar, as well as a junior gymnasium from grades 1 to 9. Do not pay attention to the remake of the monastery. The main thing is that this is the homeland St. Sergius Radonezh.
Straight up candy. Cleaned, licked, remake shining with colors, well-groomed, obviously rich. The church sparkles with icons from Sofrino. They sell monastery kvass and good pies. The territory is small. In the center there is a small wooden chapel, very pleasant "in spirit", all pilgrims go there first of all. The cross at the meeting place of the lad Bartholomew with the elder - behind the wall of the monastery, from the back.
In general, it did not make a negative impression, despite the remake. I did not see excessive (and indeed, any at all) commercialization. ... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">
Elena ★★★☆☆
(16-06-2015)
Monastery for men!
It is necessary to start a journey to Rostov with it, otherwise, after all the Rostov antiquities, it is not interesting to watch the remake. most of the icons are photocopies. The gymnasium students in the free evening hour are very responsive - they brought delicious pies and conducted a mini-tour of the temples that are currently closed. Silence and emptiness reigned around. perhaps during the excursion time, when there are crowds of tourists - it all looks livelier.
Nicholas ★★★★★
(14-12-2014)
I liked it very much. Beautiful monastery. Thank you!!!
tata ★★★★☆
(21-10-2014)
And the attitude of the guards seemed loyal to me. Of course, a remake, but very clean and quiet, maybe. because it's a weekday. Cherry pies are very tasty.
Natalia ★★★★★
(11-08-2014)
I was in the monastery 3 years ago and saw a large construction site. My husband and I bought bricks from the church and wrote our names on them to build the church. It was nice to see that the church was built! It has now been completed and the area landscaped. With regards to novelty and renovation - "Sorry, but the monastery was destroyed, and today there are new technologies and materials." I wish you successful prosperity and further improvement of the territory!
Elena ★★★★★
(1-09-2013)
Cleanliness, silence. Arrived at the time of student arrival. Young boys, it's so nice that they study at the seminary, and do not sit with beer in the doorways. Flowers are amazing. Beautiful.
★★★★★
(26-06-2013)
Peace and quiet! The air just rings. There are no architectural interesting places to be found on the territory, everything was very badly destroyed in Soviet times. But for people interested in history and believers, it is a must to visit. Pairs very well with Borisoglebsky Monastery, one road through the crossing of the Yaroslavl railway.
Male monastery. The place is just wonderful. Of all that is in Rostov and its environs, the Varnitsky Monastery made the greatest impression. You can go here if only to visit the place where the young Bartholomew met the elder-scheme (a cross is installed at this place right outside the gates of the monastery). In the monastery, they told me that Bartholomew lived here with his parents until the age of 17, and then moved to Radonezh.
The monastery was practically destroyed in the early 90s, so now it has been rebuilt. I did not notice any disadvantages from European-quality repair. If you build something anew, then it cannot be artificially aged in order to give the monastery an antiquity.
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At the moment, a Temple is being built in honor of Sergius of Radonezh. For 50 rubles, you can lay a personalized brick. The nature around is amazing. Beauty, grace, peace.
There is a source (or well), but in May 2013 it was under repair.
Konstantin ★★★★★
(29-08-2012)
I was here about 10 years ago, when it was just reviving monastic life- at that time, 3 small residential buildings (those with balconies on pillars) and a disfigured temple, which is now yellowish, remained from the buildings of the monastery - a garage was recently taken out of it. Striking changes are now visible, the territory is all in flowers, the temples are pleasing to the eye. Yes, now they have begun to build a large cathedral.
Natalia ★★★★★
(19-07-2012)
We got to the monastery by accident - we traveled by car, saw the information on the poster. We decided to go and have a look. Impressions are amazing. Yes, almost everything is rebuilt, but the beauty is amazing. Courtyard planted with flowers, cleanliness and order everywhere. Let there be plastic windows, but the style of ancient buildings is preserved. My husband and I spent the night in a hotel for pilgrims. We had supper in the refectory of the monastery. Personally, the view of this refectory simply shocked me ... Tall ceilings, columns, paintings. Reminds me of the Kremlin chambers. ... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">
Very friendly employees. rating 5+.
Anastasia ★★★★☆
(7-10-2011)
The monastery has been almost completely restored. Everything is very clean, neat and colorful, there are a lot of flowers on the territory. Of course, the contemplation of the remake does not leave as many emotions as the old buildings. But it's much better when such amazing historical holy places are restored. I saw an old photo (1980s) from a bird's eye view, so there was not even a hint of the monastery, everything was destroyed, and now it's beauty. I hope that the construction will be completed soon, and in this wonderful... continued src="/jpg/plus.gif">
the place will be coming a lot more people.
Rita ★★★☆☆
(17-06-2011)
The territory is empty, only a guard. All closed. It looks like a cottage village with a church. Brand new, shiny and not like a monastery. We stopped on the way from Borisoglebsky to Rostov, so that we almost did not lose time.
KONNOIKO IVAN ★★★★★
(25-01-2011)
and for sure Orthodox monasteries in fact, there are educators of the RUSSIAN spirit such as the Varnitsa monastery. Lavra and the uprising from chaos comes from there too. and not because of the garden ring!
Natalia ★★★★★
(22-11-2010)
The monastery was rebuilt, but what if the Bolsheviks destroyed the old one? Holy place should still be marked. Let the new believers pray for it.
Galina ★★★★☆
(25-06-2010)
Monastery for men.
Were about 2 years ago with a tour. There are 10 brothers. There is an Orthodox gymnasium for boys. The pupils left a pleasant impression of a "growing succession" of clergy. The source has been closed.
There was a monastery on this place for a long time, but little could be restored. Repair - yes, a little too modern ... The place is not very prayerful yet, but, God willing, everything is ahead. The impression left is good.
dmpan ★★★★★
(13-08-2009)
One can only rejoice at the revival of this monastery, which was almost completely destroyed during the Soviet era, and there is nothing wrong with the fact that modern technologies are used in its restoration. Unfortunately, there is almost nothing left for restoration, so much is simply recreated anew. Be sure to visit this holy place!
★★★☆☆
(22-06-2009)
Novodel. There is nothing special to watch. But there is someone to talk to - a men's gymnasium and friendly caretakers.
The Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery is beautiful with a special, friendly beauty. His temples are somehow unusually accurately inscribed in the humble nature of the Rostov land. It is hard to imagine that quite recently here, in the homeland of St. Sergius of Radonezh, the abomination of desolation reigned.
The Varnitsa monastery became a monument to St. Sergius in the Rostov region. The Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery is unique precisely in that it preserved the holy place of birth, physical and spiritual growth of the boy, who later became the “abode of the Holy Trinity”. There are hardly many monasteries that were founded on a place marked by the birth of any ascetic. Varnitsky is exceptional in this respect.
In the homeland of St. Sergius
With reverence, a pilgrim enters its gates (and of particular importance is the fact that the Church of the Monks Cyril and Mary is now located above these gates: in this way we seem to fulfill the covenant of St. Sergius - to bow before going to him, his parents) and goes along road to Trinity Cathedral. Tradition says that the cathedral stands exactly on the spot where the house of the parents of the lad Bartholomew was located. And, of course, prayer in this temple becomes a great event for the believer. The Church in the name of St. Cyril and Mary over the northern gate of the monastery appeared in our days, after the return of the monastery to the Church. Actually, in the 19th century, the construction of such a church was impossible - since at that time the pious parents of St. Sergius were venerated only locally, without being canonized.
Quite high, with one golden dome, this church very organically complemented the ensemble of monastic buildings. It is she, together with the dominant of the bell tower, that now forms the perception of the architectural complex of the monastery from the north side - that is, from the side of the main road to the monastery. Subsequently, when the cathedral in the name of St. Sergius of Radonezh, the view of the monastery from the north will benefit even more. The church of St. Cyril and Maria in 2003-06. Now it is completely ready, the iconostasis has already been installed. The temple has a spacious and warm baptismal room with a large font.
The appearance of the monastery in the homeland of St. Sergius is not accidental. The hegumen of Radonezh, during his lifetime, was widely known throughout the Russian Land and beyond. And already at home, his birth in Rostov and during the life of the great old man was the subject of reverent love. Yes, and in his visits to Rostov, the hegumen of Radonezh visited his homeland, where he spent his years of childhood and adolescence. Therefore, the construction site of the monastery was designated precisely in the memory of the inhabitants, who were brought up among the shrines for which he was famous for a long time. ancient city. The Rostov land, it seemed, was just waiting for the all-Russian glorification of St. Sergius, in order to indicate its involvement in the life and deed of the saint of God by building a monument decent for this occasion. Such a monument was the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery. By the time the monastery was founded in Rostov, there were still people alive who knew from their parents where the estate of the boyar Kirill, the father of St. Sergius. In the vicinity of the monastery, the old-timers also pointed out an oak tree that grew in the place where the Angel of the Lord appeared to the youth Bartholomew. The monastery was famous for its holy healing well, called "Sergeev". After the monastery was closed, the well was destroyed. It took a lot of work for the brethren to find it and clean it up when the monastery was returned to the Church.
It is impossible not to tell about the fact that July 5, 1913, on the day of memory of finding the relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh, Divine Liturgy St. Tikhon (Belavin, 1907-1913), Archbishop of Yaroslavl and Rostov, served in the Trinity Cathedral of the monastery, future Patriarch Moscow and all Russia. During the six years of his stay at the Yaroslavl cathedra, Saint Tikhon visited the Trinity-Varnitsa Monastery three times. When St. Tikhon left the Yaroslavl diocese for the place of his new service, the inhabitants of the Varnitsa monastery presented him with an icon of St. Sergius. And after 6 years, in March 1919, by a decree of the new government, the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery was closed. The brethren were assigned to the parish church. Seizures of monastic property began. The last entries in the "Book" are: "1923. On March 20, Hieromonk George (the last rector of the Varnitsa monastery) was elevated to the rank of hegumen and archimandrite in the Yakovlevsky Monastery”, “1924. On February 26, Archimandrite George, by order of the godless authorities, was evicted from the cells and the monastery. February 27. "The persecuted Archimandrite George is in good health." This is where the chronicle ends. The further fate of Archimandrite George is unknown. Nor do we know about the fate of the other Varnitsa monks. Where did they die, in what graves did they rest? Who among them ended his days peacefully, who was martyred? Searches in the archives have not yet yielded results, and questions remain unanswered.
But the fate of the Varnitsa monastery is known. Despite the fact that for many years of Soviet power the birthplace of St. Sergius was in ruins, there was a passing road through the monastery, and a dump stank at the site of the blown up Trinity Cathedral, the memory of the importance of this small piece of land on the banks of the Ishni River was preserved. And is it not an amazing miracle, once again reminding us of the special role of this place, such a rapid revival of the monastery? The revival is not even from the ruins, since, by and large, there were none. And from nothing. For the umpteenth time, the Lord gives us hope through St. Sergius. How can one not recall the return of the Church of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra in the 1940s, regarded by many believers as a promise of a coming revival religious life in a troubled country.
There are neither relics nor miraculous icons who are especially revered by believers. But the fact is that the Varnitsky Monastery - with its Trinity Cathedral, built on the site of the house of the parents of St. Sergius, with a memorial cross at the meeting place of the holy lad with the mysterious black-bearer, with the very land on which the venerable monks walked. Cyril and Mary and their God-chosen son - is already a shrine. However, it cannot be said that there are no shrines “familiar” to us in the Varnitsky Monastery and never have been. Were. For example, one of the most revered icons remained here for centuries the icon of St. Sergius of Radonezh with life - the temple image of the Trinity Cathedral. Written in the second half of the 17th century specifically for the Trinity Cathedral (this, in particular, is evidenced by the stamp with the image of the Holy Trinity, placed in the upper row in the very center), it was removed from the Varnitsa monastery and transferred to the Rostov museum. Now this icon, remarkable both for its artistic value and, at least, for its “historicity” (it is easy to imagine how many generations of monks and pilgrims, church hierarchs and ordinary laity prayed before it!), is in the museum.
In the Varnitsa monastery itself, at least two icons deserve special attention. Both of them are new - and very decent - letters, both - with particles of relics. We are talking about the icons of St. Sergius and St. Clement, Pope of Rome. The presence in the Varnitsa monastery of the icon of St. Clement is by no means an accident, but a manifestation of "historical memory". The fact is that in the past centuries (according to written sources - already in the 16th century) in Nikolskaya Sloboda, as Varnitskaya Sloboda was previously called, there was a wooden cemetery church in the name of St. Clement, the Pope of Rome. Subsequently, it was dismantled due to dilapidation. Now in place ancient church two temples rise - the Resurrection of the Word and St. Paisius the Great and martyr. Huara. Although earlier these temples were not monastic, today they have the status of a courtyard of the Varnitsa monastery. The temples were returned to the Church in 1989 - the first of all temples Rostov and the Rostov region.
For the revival of liturgical life in the churches returned to the homeland of St. Sergius, three monks were “seconded” from the Trinity-Sergius Lavra - Theodore, Sergius and Nikon. They had to make a lot of efforts to make the churches suitable for worship, because by the time they were handed over to the Church, they were in a dilapidated state. In the church of St. Paisius the Great and martyr. In the first summer, Huara put in windows, moved stoves and blocked the roof. Funds for repairs were raised with the help of local residents. They also brought icons.
After many years of desolation, the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery is being revived. The Vvedensky Temple has already been restored, and the Trinity Cathedral has been rebuilt. And relatively recently, a vast stone church was laid in the monastery in the name of St. Sergius. “It will be a temple,” Archimandrite Siluan, the abbot of the monastery, said in 2007, when the construction was still in the plans, “which will occupy a central place in the monastery. His Holiness Patriarch blessed the construction, personally signed the project for the construction of this temple. By January 2009, the foundation had been laid. Of course, the completion of the cathedral is not a matter of the very near future. It is assumed that it will be completed by the 700th anniversary of the birth of St. Sergius, which falls in 2014. It is enough to look at the model of the future temple to make sure that it will really be very majestic and large-scale. This is especially evident when looking at the layout of the monastery as a whole. The appearance of such a temple will undoubtedly be a great event not only for the monastery itself and the surrounding residents, but also for pilgrims from afar - after all, during festive services (in particular, on the days of the memory of St. Sergius), it will be able to accommodate much more worshipers than the current cathedral church of the monastery, Trinity.
Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery - Orthodox monastery in the Yaroslavl region, founded in 1427 in memory of St. Sergius of Radonezh. According to one information - on the territory of the estate of Cyril and Mary. According to others - at the place where the monk appeared to the lad Bartholomew.
Very little is known about the first centuries of the existence of the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery. He was neither rich nor famous, and flickered like a quiet lamp, designating and guarding the place where St. Sergius was born and raised.
1. Cathedral of the Life-Giving Trinity
2. Cathedral of St. Sergius of Radonezh
3. Refectory Church of the Entry into the Temple Holy Mother of God
4. Gate Church of St. Cyril and Mary of Radonezh
5. Chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh
6. Well of St. Sergius of Radonezh
Other buildings of the monastery:
7. Hospice
8. Old fraternal corps
9. Rector's building (to the north) and Refectory building (to the south)
10. Southern Holy Gate
11. Worship cross
12. New fraternal corps
13. Educational building (gymnasium)
14. Monastery building
15. Missionary corps and the Orthodox gymnasium with a house church in the name of St. Cyril and Mary
16. Towers and walls of the fence
17.Monastic pond
Trinity-Varnitsky Monastery, provincial, 3 versts from Rostov, on the banks of the Ishni River, on the site of former salt pans. The monastery was founded in 1427, five years after the acquisition of the honest relics of the hegumen of Radonezh. At that time in Rostov and its environs there were still people who heard the stories of their parents about the Monks Cyril and Mary and could point out to the founder of the monastery, Archbishop Ephraim of Rostov, the place where their house had once been.
The settlement was quite crowded, there were three churches, of which by the end of the 18th century only one remained - in the name of St. Clement, Pope of Rome.
It is appropriate to associate the prosperity of the settlement with the salt industry. When salt mining stopped, the settlement began to empty.
Meanwhile, the monastery lived its humble life. There were no ascetics known for their special prayerfulness and clairvoyance, there were no shrines for which pilgrims would be ready to travel tens and hundreds of miles, either. And therefore, it is by no means strange that for a long time he remained not just poor, but very poor, and did not have stone churches even in the 17th century, when they already appeared in many urban and “suburban” monasteries.
During the Polish-Lithuanian invasion, the Varnitsa Monastery did not escape a sad fate - the interventionists burned it and plundered it. After that, the monastery eked out the most miserable existence until 1624, when Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich gave her a charter.
In 1725, the decision of the Archbishop of Rostov and Yaroslavl Georgy followed, according to which the Varnitsky monastery turned into a maiden one and the nuns of the Rozhdestvensky monastery were transferred here. The Varnitsa brethren, in turn, were moved to the Spaso-Pesotsky Monastery, which was located side by side with the Yakovlevsky Monastery and, several decades later, was assigned to it.
The nuns in Varnitsy had a hard time. Lacking in everything, starting with firewood and food, in the same 1725 they turned to Bishop George with a request to transfer them back to the Nativity Monastery. The request was granted, but not immediately. For six years, the sisters endured hardships, laboring in a poor, remote from the city monastery. In 1731, the monks returned to the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery.
In 1770, construction began on a stone cathedral with a bell tower, consecrated in 1771 in the name of the Holy Trinity (like the former wooden church).
In 1829, in the monastery chronicle, for the first time, there is a mention of the new Vvedenskaya church - in connection with the arrival of the Archbishop of Yaroslavl and Rostov Abraham, who examined it.
In 1892, in commemoration of the 500th anniversary of the repose of St. Sergius, an almshouse for the elderly and poor clergy of the Yaroslavl diocese and a hospice were built near the monastery on the south side. The buildings were built with the money of various philanthropists, the first of which was Bishop Joanathan of Yaroslavl, the Varnitsa monastery contributed 1,000 rubles.
This record shows, among other things, that the condition of the Varnitsa monastery during the 19th century improved so much that he himself got the opportunity to do charity.
1923. On March 20, Hieromonk George (the last rector of the Varnitsa monastery) in the Yakovlevsky Monastery was elevated to the abbot and archimandrite, and on February 26, 1924, Archimandrite George, by order of the godless authorities, was evicted from the cells and the monastery.
In 1995 the monastery was returned to the Church.
In 1989 was registered church community out of 111 citizens living in the village of Varnitsy. The parish churches of the Resurrection of the Word (1814) and Saints Paisius and Uar (1893) near the Varnitsa Monastery were transferred to the Church. They were repaired by the inhabitants of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra.
In 1995, by decree of His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II and at the request of Archbishop Micah of Yaroslavl and Rostov, the Trinity-Sergius Lavra took the Varnitsa monastery under its patronage. Restoration work has begun. The first abbot of the monastery was hegumen Boris (Khramtsov). Under him, a bypass road was built around the monastery. Part of the monastery premises was returned to the church.
In 2000, a new Trinity Cathedral began to be built (if possible, similar to the demolished one).
In 2002, an Orthodox gymnasium named after St. Sergius began its work in Varnitskaya Sloboda. In 2005, a department of a gymnasium with boarding accommodation for young people, students of grades X-XI, was opened in the monastery itself. This gymnasium-boarding school was widely known throughout the country.
In 2014, His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' consecrated the Cathedral of St. Sergius of Radonezh - main temple monastery.
External view of the monastery.
Gate Church of Saints Kirril and Mary.
Cathedral and chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh.
Trinity Cathedral, St. Sergius of Radonezh, Church of St. Cyril and Mary, missionary corps.
Fraternal Corps, Cathedral of St. Sergius of Radonezh, Trinity Cathedral.
Cathedral of St. Sergius of Radonezh, chapel, Trinity Cathedral.
Chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh, Trinity Cathedral.
Rector's Corps, Trinity Cathedral, Fraternal Corps.
Trinity Cathedral.
Entry Church.
Vvedenskaya church and fraternal building.
More photos taken inside the monastery:
Worship cross at the meeting place of the holy lad with the mysterious black-bearer.
There are very few shrines in the Varnitsky Monastery. There are no relics, no miraculous icons, or any other objects that are especially revered by believers. But the fact is that the Varnitsky Monastery - with its Trinity Cathedral, built on the site of the house of the parents of St. Sergius, with a memorial cross at the meeting place of the holy youth with the mysterious black-bearer, with the very land on which St. Cyril and Mary and their God-chosen son walked, - is already sacred.
Sources.
We continue to see the sights of Rostov the Great and today we stopped at the village of Varnitsy located not far from the city and the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery.
The first temple arose in 1427 on the very spot where the Russian saint, the famous Sergius of Radonezh, was once born and lived with his parents and brothers. These events took place near the city of Rostov, Yaroslavl Region, on the banks of the Ishnya River.
In the family of the boyar Kirill and his wife Maria - that was the name of the parents of Sergius of Radonezh - there were three children, three boys. When was the future Russian saint born? Exact date birth is not known.
Presumably, his birthday is May 3, 1319. Surprisingly, in such a life famous person many white spots. Only the date of death is known for certain, the dates of other events are only speculated.
On his birthday, his parents gave Sergius of Radonezh a name - Bartholomew. The boy was the middle child in the family. His brothers studied well at school, but Bartholomew's studies were difficult, he did not understand Holy books who tried to read. Bartholomew turned to God with fervent prayers, begging him to help him learn to read and write.
Random non-random meeting
And one day a miracle happened. When the boy was tending the horses, he saw a man in a black robe. Through burning tears, he asked an unknown person to pray for him. This moment is reflected in the painting by the artist Mikhail Nesterov "Holy Vision to the lad Bartholomew."
After this incident, Bartholomew quickly learned everything that had previously been given to him with great difficulty. He began to strictly observe fasts, which caused concern to his mother. And by the age of 12 he had already made a firm decision to take the veil as a monk.
When the boy was 15 years old, his family was completely impoverished. And in order to save everyone from hunger and want, my father was forced to decide to move to Radonezh. After the death of his parents, Bartholomew took monastic vows and became monk Sergius. In a dense forest, on the banks of the river Konchura, he founded a church in honor of the Holy Trinity. Gradually, the number of monks in it grew, and now it is the Trinity-Sergius Lavra.
In addition to her, Sergius of Radonezh built a large number of churches, he had many students and associates. Until now, several great monasteries are known, founded by the monk or with his blessing. For example, in Serpukhov, located near Moscow.
He did a lot of good and useful things for Rus', we know about many miracles that he performed in his life. So, before the Battle of Kulikovo, Dmitry Donskoy came to the monk Sergius for advice and blessing. And in addition to kind words of parting words, he also received a prediction about the victorious return home of the Russian army.
One of the miracles of the saint is the resurrection little boy. The father in his arms brought him to the saint with a request for the healing of his son. But before he even finished speaking, the boy died. With tears, the inconsolable father went to prepare a small coffin. But at that time, Sergius of Radonezh fervently began to pray to the Lord, and the returning father saw a living and healthy son.
The abbot died at the end of September 1392. His imperishable relics are now in the Trinity Cathedral of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Many icons were written in his honor, many temples bear his name. There are about 70 of them in Moscow alone! They rise not only in the cities of Russia, but also abroad: in South Africa, Montenegro and other countries.
Varnitsa monastery became a monument to the great saint
One of such memorable places is the Trinity-Sergievsky Varnitsky Monastery. It was founded 5 years after the relics of the Radonezh saint were found in 1422.
Its first buildings, as elsewhere, were completely wooden. But the time has come, and the dilapidated Trinity Cathedral was rebuilt from stone.
For 6 years, starting from 1725, the monastery was for women. But then the male monks returned there again.
Since the beginning of the 19th century, a kind of chronicle was kept in the Varnitsky Monastery - the Book of memorable dates and events that happened there. Many interesting things can be learned from these records. Now it is in the museum of Rostov the Great.
Here is one of the facts about the life of the monastery, recorded in this valuable book for history. In May 1811, a strong storm swept over the city, causing great damage to the buildings. The roofs of the buildings of the Varnitsky Monastery were demolished. And then as much as 500 rubles for iron roofs was presented to the monastery by Countess Orlova, known for her charitable activities.
Oblivion and the revival of the spiritual shrine
After the revolution, the monastery was destroyed, and communal, small apartments were equipped in the monastic cells. A road was laid across the territory of the monastery, and the Trinity Cathedral, together with its bell tower, was blown up. Even the foundation was dug to the ground, and a garbage dump formed in its place.
And only in 1995 did the Trinity-Sergius Lavra take this birthplace of the saint under its care. And here, in the small homeland of Sergius of Radonezh, the revival of the Holy Trinity Varnitsky Monastery began. You can watch this video about the revival of the holy monastery.
During these years, the Vvedenskaya church of the monastery was completely restored (it is built into the southern wall), which was consecrated on April 30, 2003. Initially, the church in honor of the Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos was built in 1828.
The beautiful Trinity Cathedral with a bell tower was built again. However, during our arrival, he was in the scaffolding.
Trinity Cathedral was restored in 2005 in the same place, in the same size and in the same style as the first stone cathedral, built by Bishop Athanasius in 1771 and destroyed in the 1930s. The red color of the temple is the Easter color of the Resurrection of Christ.
A new, majestic, very beautiful temple in honor of St. Sergius of Radonezh.
The interior decoration has not yet been fully restored. A beautiful iconostasis has been erected, perhaps the walls will be painted over time.
The sacred rite of Baptism is held in the northern gate church. There is a large font in the middle of this temple. This church is dedicated to the saint's parents, Saints Cyril and Mary, who were buried in the Khotkovo Intercession Monastery in the Moscow Region.
It was one of the first churches in Russia in honor of the parents of St. Sergius of Radonezh. Currently, their relics are at the burial place: the Intercession Monastery of Khotkovo and are its main shrine.
On the territory of the male monastery in 1991, the Sergius well was restored.
You can easily find your way around the numerous monastic buildings by looking at the plan of the Varnitsa monastery.
It should be noted that the restored buildings of the monastery - the cathedral, walls, towers - are not exact copies of the original buildings.
Near the Sergius Cathedral in 1992, a chapel was installed, consecrated in honor of Sergius of Radonezh. It was erected in memory of the Trinity Church destroyed in the 20th century.
Here is the holy land itself
Not far from the monastery walls there is a Poklonny cross. So people marked the place where the boy Bartholomew first met the monk.
An Orthodox gymnasium has been built and is already operating 700 meters from the monastery, in which children from Rostov and neighboring villages and villages study free of charge. About a kilometer from the monastery walls there is a holy spring with clean, cool water.
The monks personally collect fragrant honey in the apiary. Here they also bake delicious yeast-free bread, a variety of pastries, and make kvass. All this, as well as church literature, books about the history of the monastery can be bought at the local church shop.
Prayer in the monastery takes place daily, it begins at 6:15. On weekdays, services begin at 7 am, and on holidays and weekends - at 9 am. Evening services starts at 16:30, and on Sundays and holidays - at 17:00.
There are guided tours in the monastery daily from 8 am to 7 pm. The tour of Varnitsa sights with a guide lasts about an hour. The cost for adults is 100 rubles, for children 50.
Here, at the monastery, there is a hotel for pilgrims with comfortable rooms where you can relax. And in the refectory, according to your desire, you will be deliciously fed breakfast, lunch or dinner for 100, 250 rubles and 150 rubles, respectively.
In Rostov, railway train station and bus station are in the same place. Buses run from there to Varnitz. It's only about 3 km. As you can see, everything is provided here for the convenience of guests. So come, you are welcome here!
Coordinates for motorists: 57.20224, 39.37767.
You can see the location of the monastery on the map (click "+" to zoom in).
Our trip to the Trinity-Sergius Varnitsky Monastery took place on July 18, 2016. Other sights of the Yaroslavl region, where I managed to visit, are on this map.
